Nedarim 89b (פט:) — the Talmud in English

c.

A maiden who has not reached maturity, and she is an orphan —

she took a vow when she was a maiden and is still a maiden, and she is an orphan, so that she is not under her father's authority, as in the first case.

These three have one common principle: she is not under her father's authority.

d.

An adult woman whose father died —

she took a vow when she was an adult woman, and her father died.

e.

A maiden who became an adult woman, and whose father died —

she took a vow when she was a maiden, then reached maturity, and afterward her father died.

f.

A maiden who has not reached maturity, whose father died —

she took a vow when she was a maiden and is still a maiden, and her father died.

These three have one common principle: she has no father to annul her vow.

g.

A maiden whose father died, and after her father died she reached maturity —

she took a vow when she was a maiden, then her father died, and afterward she reached maturity.

h.

An adult woman whose father is alive —

she took a vow when she was an adult woman, and her father is alive.

i.

A maiden who became an adult woman, whose father is alive —

she took a vow when she was a maiden, reached maturity, and her father is alive.

These three have one common principle: she is an adult woman, and therefore her father has no ability to annul her vows.

Rabbi Yehuda says: Even one who gives his minor daughter in marriage and she is widowed or divorced, and returns to him,

and

she is still a maiden.

That is, even though she married while she was a minor, she does not return to her father's authority after her marriage.

Gemara:

Rav Yehuda said in the name of Rav:

This is the statement of Rabbi Yehuda —

Rabbi Yehuda is the one who enumerates them in this manner.

But the Sages say —

the Sages enumerate them using abbreviated principles:

There are three maidens whose vows remain in force,

and these are they:

a.

An adult woman

b.

and an orphan

c.

and an orphan during her father's lifetime —

one who is not under her father's authority; that is, one who married and afterward was widowed or divorced, and does not return to her father's authority.

Mishna:

The woman took a vow and said:

“Konam, that I will not benefit

[benefit]

from my father

[my father]

or from your father, if I do anything at your command.”

That is, she vowed not to benefit from her father or from his father if she benefits her husband.

And likewise, if she vowed: Konam,

“that I will not benefit from you, if I do anything at the command of my father or at the command of your father.”

That is, she vowed not to benefit from her husband if she benefits her father or his father —

he must annul it.

Gemara:

It was taught in a beraita:

A woman who vows: Konam,

“that I will not benefit from my father or from your father, if I do anything at your command,”

Rabbi Natan says: He must not annul it,

because the vow has not yet taken effect as long as the condition has not been fulfilled. It is impossible to annul vows in which the woman has not yet actually become prohibited.

And the Sages say: He must annul it,

because in their view it is possible to annul vows that she made even when they have not yet taken effect and she is not yet prohibited by them.

And likewise, if she vowed and said:

“I am removed from the Jews”

[I am prohibited from deriving benefit from all Jews]

if

I

have relations with you —

Rabbi Natan says: He must not annul it.

And the Sages say: He must annul it.

There was a certain man who prohibited the benefit of the world to himself

if he married a woman, because I have not learned halakha —

there was an incident involving a man who said: “Konam, the benefit of the entire world is prohibited to me if I marry a woman before I learn halakha.”

He ran with all his strength, but was unable to learn —

that man tried to study with all his strength, but he did not succeed.

Rav Aḥa bar Rav Huna came and misled him —

he misled him, telling him that he would not become prohibited from benefiting from the world even if he married a woman.

And he married a woman

[and indeed he married a woman].