Nedarim 89b — the Talmud in English

3.

A young woman who has not reached maturity, and is an orphan

—She made her vow while she was a young woman, and she is still a young woman, and she is an orphan, so she is not under her father's authority, as in the first case.

These three cases share one rule: she is not under her father's authority.

4.

A mature woman whose father died

—She made her vow when she was a mature woman, and her father died.

5.

A young woman who became mature, and whose father died

—She made her vow when she was a young woman, then reached maturity, and afterward her father died.

6.

A young woman who had not reached maturity, and whose father died

—She made her vow when she was a young woman and is still a young woman, and her father died.

These three cases share one rule: she has no father who can annul her vow for her.

7.

A young woman whose father died, and who reached maturity after her father died

—She made her vow when she was a young woman, then her father died, and afterward she reached maturity.

8.

A mature woman whose father is alive

—She made her vow when she was a mature woman, and her father is alive.

9.

A young woman who became mature, and whose father is alive

—She made her vow when she was a young woman, then reached maturity, and her father is alive.

These three cases share one rule: she is a mature woman, and therefore her father cannot annul her vows.

Rabbi Yehuda says: Also, one who marries off his minor daughter and she is widowed or divorced, and returns to him

and

she is still a young woman.

That is, even though she married while she was a minor, after her marriage she does not return to her father's authority.

Gemara:

Rav Yehuda said in the name of Rav:

This is the statement of Rabbi Yehuda

—Rabbi Yehuda is the one who counts the cases in this manner.

But the Sages say

—The Sages count them using abbreviated categories:

There are three young women whose vows remain in force,

and they are:

a.

A mature woman

b.

And an orphan

c.

And an orphan during her father's lifetime

—She is not under her father's authority; that is, she married and afterward was widowed or divorced, and she does not return to her father's authority.

Mishna:

A woman made a vow and said:

“I vow that I will derive no benefit

from you]

from my father

from my father]

or from your father, if I act according to your instructions.”

That is, she vowed not to derive benefit from her father or from his father if she benefits her husband.

And likewise, if she vowed: “I vow

that I will derive no benefit from you, if I act according to my father's instructions or according to your father's instructions.”

That is, she vowed not to derive benefit from her husband if she benefits her father or his father—

he must annul it.

Gemara:

It was taught in a beraita

: A woman who vows: “I vow

that I will derive no benefit from my father or from your father, if I act according to your instructions,”

Rabbi Natan says: He must not annul it,

because the vow has not yet taken effect as long as the condition has not been fulfilled. A vow cannot be annulled before the woman has actually become prohibited by it.

And the Sages say: He must annul it,

because in their view a vow that she made may be annulled even when it has not yet taken effect and she is not yet prohibited by it.

And likewise, if she vowed and said:

“I am forbidden to all Jews”

—[I am forbidden to derive benefit from all Jews]—

if

I

have relations with you—

Rabbi Natan says: He must not annul it.

And the Sages say: He must annul it.

There was a certain man who prohibited himself from deriving benefit from the world

if he married a woman before he had learned halakha

—There was an incident involving a man who said: “I vow that the benefit of the entire world is prohibited to me if I marry a woman before I study Torah.”

He ran with a hoe and baskets, but was unable to study

—That man tried to study with all his strength, but he did not succeed.

Rav Aḥa bar Rav Huna came and misled him

—He deceived him, telling him that he would not be prohibited from deriving benefit from the world even if he married a woman.

And he married a woman

—[Indeed, he married a woman].