Nedarim 58b — the Talmud in English

The one who weeds

picks excess leaves

with the Samaritan among vegetables

planted in the ground [such as arum, garlic, and onions, whose seed does not perish].

This one

may eat from them a casual eating

as with other tevel that has not been “fixed” for tithe.

And he tithes them definitely,

if he takes them from the Samaritan he tithes them as a matter of certainty, for certainly the Samaritan did not tithe them.

Рабби Шимон бен Элазар говорит:

If

he is weeding with

a Jew

who is

suspected regarding the Sabbatical year

and there is concern that he planted in the eighth year vegetables of the Sabbatical year,

at the conclusion of the Sabbatical year it is permitted,

that is, it is permitted for him to eat those leaves that grew in the eighth year, for certainly their growths are greater than the fundamental prohibition mixed into them.

This is to say,

it is proven

that permitted growths raise up the prohibition

for we are dealing with onions, whose seed does not perish, and they are not forbidden because they continue from the root; and the doubt of Yishmael, the man of Kefar Yama, is resolved.

And

the Gemara challenges the proof: And

perhaps

the Mishna is dealing

with something whose seed perishes,

and in these, it is obvious that the growths are permitted!?

And the Gemara answers:

But it was taught

in a baraita that explains the Mishna:

These are vegetables, such as: arum, garlic, and onions,

and all of these have seed that does not perish.

And

we still challenge the proof: And

perhaps

the Mishna is dealing

with

vegetables

that have been crushed,

for in these the growths do not follow the root, which is insignificant, as above!? And the Gemara answers: It

teaches: “suspected regarding the Sabbatical year”

in the Mishna, and the suspect does not trouble himself to crush them before tasting them in the ground.

And we still challenge:

And perhaps

the Mishna permitted only

in a mixture,

when they subsequently became mixed on their own with other vegetables!?

And we answer: It

teaches: “the one who weeds”

пропалывающий

it teaches,

indicating that he pulls them from the ground and eats them, and they did not become mixed in the meantime.

And since the doubt of Yishmael was resolved from this Mishna, and we learned that the growths do not follow the root, then

shall we say that it is a refutation of Rabbi

Abbahu in the name of Rabbi

Yoḥanan, and

a refutation

of Rabbi Yonatan

above, 57b, for they hold: the growths follow the root!?

Rabbi Yitzḥak said:

Do not prove from the Mishna of the vegetables that the growths do not follow the root, for

the Sabbatical year is different

with which the Mishna concerning vegetables is dealing—

since its prohibition is through the ground,

for the Torah said: “and the land shall rest”; therefore

its nullification

—the prohibition of the Sabbatical year is nullified from it—

also by means of

planting in the

ground.

And one cannot learn from here concerning the growths of orla and of the mixed planting of the vineyard, which are forbidden—as Rabbi Yoḥanan and Rabbi Yonatan say—since their prohibition is not through the ground: orla was caused by a deficiency of time, and the mixed planting of the vineyard was caused by the mixture.

And the Gemara challenges this: And

what of tithe, whose prohibition is through the ground,

yet it is not nullified through the ground—

For it was taught: A litra of tithe-tevel [

from which the tithe-offering was not separated]

that he planted

in the Sabbatical year

in the ground, and it improved, and it became like ten litra.

That litra

is obligated

still

in tithe,

that is, in the tithe of the tithe.

And in the Sabbatical year,

that is, he must remove everything before the time of removal.

And he tithes from another place for that litra

according to calculation,

for only the litra is obligated, but what grew during the Sabbatical year is exempt from tithe, since the produce of the Sabbatical year is ownerless.

And now it is difficult: Since the tithe is through the ground, then that litra should be nullified through the ground; why is he obligated to tithe for it according to calculation?