Shabbat 119a — the Talmud in English

And Abaye said: May my reward be that, when I see a young Torah scholar ,

when I see a Torah scholar

who has completed his tractate ,

who has finished studying a tractate,

I make a festival day for the Sages ,

I would make a festival-day meal for the students, since he was the head of a yeshiva.

Rava said: May my reward be ,

may my reward be paid, for the fact that I so cherish Torah scholars .

For when a young Torah scholar came before me for judgment,

when a Torah scholar came before me for judgment,

I would not place my head on a pillow

I would not place my head on a pillow when I went to sleep at night, for

as long

as long

as I had not sought his merit

as long as I had not sought his merit.

Mar bar Rav Ashi said: I disqualify myself

myself

from judging a young Torah scholar

to judge him

in judgment.

What is the reason?

Because

he is beloved to me like my own body

like my own body,

and a person does not see liability in himself .

And now the Gemara brings many examples of the conduct of the tannaim and the amoraim in receiving Shabbat and in the preparations for it.

Rabbi Hanina wrapped himself

in fine garments

and stood

and stood

at the approach of the eve of Shabbat.

At the entry of Shabbat. And

he said: Come, and let us go out to greet the queen, Shabbat.

Rabbi Yannai dressed in his garments

the garments of Shabbat

before

the eve of

Shabbat, and said

then, out of affection for Shabbat:

Come, bride; come, bride .

Rabba bar Rav Huna happened to come to the house of Rabba bar Rav Nahman

on Shabbat.

They brought before him three seahs of tahaye,

three seahs of thin breads spread with sheep-tail fat or oil.

He said to them: Did you know that I was coming

how did you know that I would come, that you took the trouble to prepare such fine bread for me?

They said to him:

For the honor of Shabbat, which is important in our eyes no less than the arrival of an important guest, we prepared this bread.

Are you more important to us

are you more important

than it

than Shabbat, for whose honor we prepared these foods?

Rabbi Abba would buy

he would customarily buy for the honor of Shabbat

for thirteen

with thirteen coins called

“istirei peshitei”

meat.

And he would buy the thirteen pieces of meat

from thirteen butchers,

slaughterers, so that on Shabbat he would have the finest meat.

And he would complete their payment

he would pay them, even before they came to him with the meat,

at the door-latch.

For he would bring them the payment money to the entrance of their house.

And he would say to them: Hurry, hurry!

Strengthen yourselves quickly in your trade, to hurry and return and sell, and to occupy yourselves with preparing the needs of Shabbat. [And see Rashi, who brought another explanation].

Rabbi Abbahu

was wealthy, and on the eve of Shabbat

he would sit upon an ivory stool

upon a seat made of elephant ivory

and fan the fire

and he would fan the fire for the honor of Shabbat.

Rav Anan would wear

on the eve of Shabbat

a gunda,

a black garment, to show that one should not conduct himself with importance on the eve of Shabbat, and that one should not wear a garment about which he is careful not to soil it, thereby avoiding involvement with the Shabbat dishes .

For it was taught in the school of Rabbi Ishmael: Garments in which one cooked a pot for his master—

he should not pour a cup for his master with them.

And we learn from here that occupation with cooking soils the garments.

Rav Safra would scorch the head,

he would himself scorch the animal’s head for the honor of Shabbat .

Rava would salt the shibuta,

a fish.

Rav Huna would light lamps

candles .

Rav Pappa would twist the wick,

he would twist wicks.

Rav Hisda would cut the beet greens,

he would cut spinach.

Rabba and Rav Yosef would chop wood,

they would split wood.

Rabbi Zeira would kindle thin splinters,

he would kindle the fire with thin pieces of wood.

Rav Nahman bar Yitzhak

would

carry in and carry out, carry in and carry out,

entering and leaving many times while carrying the needs of Shabbat on his shoulders, in order to show the importance of Shabbat.

He said: If Rabbi Ami and Rabbi Asi happened to come to me—

would I not carry before them?

And some say: Rabbi Ami and Rabbi Asi would carry in and carry out, carry in and carry out.

They said: If Rabbi Yohanan happened to come to us, would we not carry before him?

Yosef—

who honored

honored

Shabbat

and was called by this name, because he was known to honor the Shabbatot, as explained below.

There was a certain gentile in his neighborhood,

in his vicinity,

who possessed exceedingly numerous possessions

who was very wealthy.

The astrologers said to him

the astrologers said to this gentile:

All your possessions—

Yosef, who honors Shabbat, will consume them.

And all your property will come to Yosef, who honors Shabbat .

He went

he went,

and sold it

that gentile sold

all his possessions

all his possessions.

He bought a pearl with them,

and bought with them a precious and valuable stone,

placed it

he set it

in his turban,

in his hat, in order to protect his property from falling into the hands of Yosef, who honored Shabbat.

While he was crossing from one side

when he crossed a bridge,

the wind blew it away,

the wind blew away his hat,

and cast it into the water,

and threw it into the water.

A fish swallowed it.

A fish swallowed the hat with the precious stone inside it.

They brought it up,

the fishermen caught the fish and

brought it

brought it to sell

at the approach of the eve of Shabbat.

On the eve of Shabbat, close to the entry of Shabbat.

They said,

the fishermen asked:

Who will buy at such a time?

Who will buy fish now, so close to the entry of Shabbat?

They said to them

the townspeople:

Go, bring it

go and bring the fish

to Yosef, who honors Shabbat, for he regularly buys.

They brought it to him, and he bought it. He tore it open and found in it

he found in it the

pearl.

He sold it for thirteen

he sold it for thirteen

large gold dinars

gold.

A certain old man encountered him and said: Whoever borrows for Shabbat—

who lends for the honor of Shabbat,

Shabbat repays him .

Rabbi asked Rabbi Yishmael son of Rabbi Yosei: The wealthy people in the Land of Israel—

by what merit do they merit

their wealth?

He said to him: Because they tithe.

As it is stated [

Deuteronomy 14]:

“You shall surely tithe”—

tithe so that you may become wealthy.

The wealthy

in Babylonia—

by what merit do they merit?

He said to him: Because they honor the Torah.

And those in the other lands—

by what merit do they merit?

He said to him: Because they honor Shabbat.

For Rabbi Hiyya bar Abba said: Once I was a guest in the home of a householder in Ludkia, and they brought before him a table of gold,

its weight

the burden of sixteen people. And sixteen silver chains were

fixed in it, and bowls and cups and pitchers and small bowls were fixed in it, and upon it were every kind of food

and every kind of delicacy and spices; and when they set it down they say [

Psalms 24]

“To the Lord is the earth and all that fills it.”

And when they remove it they say [

Psalms 115]

“The heavens are the heavens of the Lord, but the earth He gave to human beings.”

I said to him: My son, by what merit did you deserve this?

He said to me: I was a butcher.

And from every animal that was fine I would say:

:

“This shall be for Shabbat.”

I said to him: Fortunate are you that you merited it, and blessed is the Omnipresent who granted you merit for this.

The Caesar said to Rabbi Yehoshua ben Hanania: Why does the dish of Shabbat its aroma

good

waft?

He said to him: We have one spice, and Shabbat is its name, which we put into it -

and its aroma wafts.

He said to him: Give us some of it!

He said to him: Whoever observes Shabbat -

it benefits him,

but whoever does not observe Shabbat -

it does not benefit him .

The Rish Galuta said to Rav Hamnuna: What is written

in the words of the prophet Isaiah [58

"and the Holy One of the Lord is honored"?

which is said after “and you shall call Shabbat a delight,” and implies that it is not speaking about Shabbat .

He said to him: This is Yom Kippur, on which there is neither eating nor drinking. The Torah said: Honor it with clean clothing.

And the Gemara explains the entire verse with reference to Shabbat:

“And you shall honor it” -

Rav said: To advance

the time of the Shabbat meal before the time at which he is accustomed to eat on weekdays.

And Shmuel said: To delay

his meal, and through this he eats it with greater appetite.

The sons of Rav Pappa bar Abba said to Rav Pappa: For example, we, for whom meat and wine are available every day, by what shall we change

our eating on Shabbat?

He said to them: If you are accustomed to eating early -

delay it; if you are accustomed to delaying it -

advance it.

Rav Sheshet, in summer

in summer

would seat

seat

the Sages

who studied Torah on Shabbat -

where the sun reached,

in the place of the sun, where it was hot. But

in winter

in winter,

he would seat the Sages where the shade reached

shade.

So that they would rise promptly

to eat the Shabbat meal after their study.