Bava Batra 67b (סז:) — the Talmud in English

He said

(Rabba)

Rava

said that Rav Naḥman said: If one took possession of the chalk bed, he acquired the depths.

And we raised a question about this:

Is it obvious

that taking possession of the chalk bed is effective for acquiring the depths,

as Shmuel said: If he sold him ten fields

in ten countries, once the buyer took possession of one of the fields and performed an act of ḥazaka acquisition with regard to it, he acquired all of them!

And we answer:

Lest you say: There

in the case of ten fields

it is

that the act of ḥazaka acquisition was effective for all the fields because

the foundation of the land is one,

as the subsoil is one, and the use of all the fields he acquired is the same. Therefore, the act of acquisition performed with regard to one of the fields was effective to acquire all the fields.

But here,

in the case of one who acquires a chalk bed and the depths, their uses are not the same, as

this one has one use and that one has another use,

and we would therefore have thought that an act of ḥazaka acquisition performed with regard to the chalk bed is not effective to acquire the depths.

Rava teaches us

that even when the uses of the two pieces of land are not the same, since they are connected to one another through a common foundation of the land, one acquires all of them through a single act of ḥazaka acquisition.

Mishna:

One who sells

the

olive press—

a building in which olives are pressed for their oil—

has sold

with the olive press

the basin—

a round vessel into which the oil flows—

and the crushing stone—

a perforated stone into which a wooden pole is inserted, with which the olives are crushed—

and the virgins—

cedar beams used to support the beam of the olive press. All of these are fixed in place there and are therefore included in the sale of the olive press.

But he has not sold the boards—

planks placed on the crushed olives, upon which the beam is lowered in order to press them—

or the wheel—

with which the beam is turned in order to raise and lower it—

or the beam—

which is loaded onto the olives to press them and extract their oil. All of these are movable objects and are not sold together with the olive press.

And when he said to him

the seller said to the buyer:

“It and everything in it,”

meaning that he is selling him the olive press and everything in it,

all of them are sold,

all the implements used with the olive press are sold along with it.

Rabbi Eliezer says: One who sells

the

olive press

has sold the beam

even though it is movable, since it is the principal component of the olive press.

Gemara:

The Gemara explains: What is the meaning of

basin

mentioned in the Mishna? It is

tilpaḥa

—lentils—a round vessel like a lens in which the olives are placed for crushing.

What is the meaning of

crushing stone

mentioned in the Mishna?

Rabbi Abba bar Memel said: A crushing vessel,

that is, a perforated stone resembling a mortar, into which the olives are placed and crushed by means of wooden pestles.

What is the meaning of

virgins

mentioned in the Mishna?

Rabbi Yoḥanan said:

These are

beams

—posts

of cedar, with which the beam is supported.

At the head of the press, two posts are erected on the two sides of the press, and a crossbar is fixed between them; the beam is supported on the crossbar.

What is the meaning of

boards

mentioned in the Mishna?

Pressing boards,

wooden boards placed on the olives in the olive press, upon which the beam is lowered. They are not sold together with the olive press, since they are movable.

What is the meaning of

wheel

mentioned in the Mishna?

A large screw,

a large screw by means of which the beam was raised and lowered.

What is the meaning of

beam

mentioned in the Mishna?

A beam,

the heavy beam of the olive press with which the olives are pressed.

The Sages taught

in a baraita:

One who sells an olive press

has sold the planks

fixed in the olive press and placed around the olives so that they would not scatter to the sides when they were weighed down with the beam.

and the oil reservoirs—

a place for storing oil—

and the crushing vessels,

in which the olives are crushed before pressing.

and the lower millstones—

the fixed lower stone—

but not

the

upper one.

The process of extracting oil from olives is as follows: First, the olives are crushed in the crushing vessels; afterward, they are ground in millstones; and afterward, they are pressed beneath the beam in the olive press, as explained in Menahot 81a.

And when he said to him

the seller said to the buyer:

“It and everything in it”

is sold to you—

all of them are sold.

In either case,

even if he said, “I am selling you everything in it,”

he has not sold

to the buyer

either

the boards—

the planks placed on the olives beneath the beam during pressing—

or the sacks

made from goat hair,

or the leather bags—

leather sacks used to carry the olives—for all of these are movable objects and are not specific to the olive press.

Rabbi Eliezer says: One who sells an olive press

has sold the beam

with which the olives are pressed, because

the olive press is called an olive press only on account of the beam

which is called a bad, and which is the principal component of the olive press.

Mishna:

One who sells a bathhouse—

it is a building made for bathing, containing three rooms, one within the other: the innermost is designated for bathing, in the middle one people remove their clothes, and in the outermost one they stand clothed. All the rooms are included in the sale, but

he has not sold the boards,

wooden planks placed on the floor of the bathhouse so that the bathers’ feet would not be burned by the heat of the floor or become soiled,

or the cups

used to fill with water for bathing,

or the bathhouse attendants—

towels; and some interpret this as referring to curtains at the entrance.

All of these are movable implements, and therefore they are not sold as part of the bathhouse.

When he said to him

the seller said to the buyer:

“It and everything in it”

I am selling you—

all of them are sold,

including all of its movable implements.

In either case,

even if he said to him, “I am selling you it and everything in it,”

he has not sold

as part of the bathhouse

the water reservoirs—

pools that supply water to the bathhouse—

or the storehouses of wood,

in which wood is gathered for heating the bathhouse.

The reason is that these are not implements designated specifically for the bathhouse like those listed above, since they are used for it in his home as well and not only in the bathhouse.

Gemara:

The Sages taught

in a baraita:

One who sells a bathhouse

has sold the room of the boards—

a room in which the boards are stored after bathing—

and the room of the head coverings—

a room in which the cloths used to wrap the head because of the heat of the bathhouse are stored—

and the room of the cups—

a room in which the cups used for bathing are stored—

and the room of the curtains—

a room in which the towels or curtains are stored.

But not

as part of the sale of the bathhouse

the boards themselves, nor the head coverings themselves, nor the cups themselves, nor the curtains themselves,

as all of these are movable objects.

And when he said to him

the seller said to the buyer:

“It and everything in it”

I am selling you—

all of them are sold,

including all of its movable implements.